![]() ![]() For many ordinary Germans, it also unleashed a rhetoric of racism, violence, and radical nationalism that, as some scholars have argued, laid the groundwork for widespread support for the various racial projects of the Nazi regime. ![]() The stationing of French African troops thus became a welcome propaganda tool in the German government's quest to revise the Versailles peace settlement. These rumors served opinion-makers in their portrayal of the "hereditary enemy" beyond the Rhine as a vengeful victor unwilling to overcome the grievances of four years of total war for the sake of postwar reconciliation. Their presence spawned tales of sexual violence against German, bourgeois, white women that often bordered on the pornographic. In one of the more infamous episodes of the post-World War I era, German grassroots organizations campaigned against the presence of "black" occupation troops from the French colonies. ![]()
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